Evaluación de interleuquina 1β en pacientes con implantes dentales y antecedente de enfermedad periodontal.

Abstract

Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition, characterized by inflammation in the peri implant mucosa and progressive loss of the alveolar bone around dental implants, triggered by the excessive growth of pathogenic bacterial species that generate modifications in the host's immune response, generating an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Il-1β, which has been analyzed in patients with peri-implant diseases; however, the evidence that relates a history of periodontal disease vs patients without this history is not clear. To determine the relationship of Il-1ß with peri-implant disease in patients with a history of periodontal disease. A bibliographic search were carried out through the MEDLINE database (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library of articles published in English from 1995 to 2021, in which the title included the keywords: "interleukin 1 beta and peri-implantitis" OR “peri implant disease”; “interleukin 1 beta and peri-implantitis” OR “peri implant disease and periodontal disease”; "interleukin 1 beta and peri-implantitis OR “peri implant disease and history periodontal disease". A single study was found that compares the concentration of Il-1β in patients with and without a history of periodontal disease, with a diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis. An increase in the concentration of Il-1β was observed in the groups with a diagnosis of peri-implant disease compared to peri-implant health. No study was found that directly compared the concentration of Il-1β in patients with and without a history of periodontal disease, for peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. Future studies are required, with another research design, that can define whether there is a risk or association between the factors, to obtain a better quality and analysis in the data collected.